Journal: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Article Title: Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels

doi: 10.24425/amm.2024.149757

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. (a-c) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs and (d-f) optical micrographs of microstructures of the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels, respectively [11]. Longitudinal-transverse (L-S) planes are observed. Polygonal ferrite (PF), acicular ferrite (AF), granular bainite (GB), and bainitic ferrite (BF) are marked in Figs. 1 (a-c). Figs. 1 (d-f) show the microstructure etched in Lepera solution, and martensite-austenite (MA) constituents are indicated by the white arrow. The volume fraction of the MA constituent in the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels was measured to be 4.3%, 6.0%, and 7.8%, respectively

Article Snippet: The microstructures of the X60, X70, and X80 steels were observed using an Fe-Sem (JSm-6700F, Jeol, Japan) after mechanically polishing and etching with a 3% nital solution.

Techniques: Microscopy

Journal: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Article Title: Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels

doi: 10.24425/amm.2024.149757

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) inverse pole figure (IPF) and grain boundary misorientation maps of the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels [11]. Longitudinal-transverse (L-S) planes are observed. Polygonal ferrite (PF), acicular ferrite (AF), granular bainite (GB), and bainitic ferrite (BF) are marked in IPF maps. In grain boundary misorientation maps, the angle ranges of blue and black lines are 5 ~ 15°, and >15°, respectively. The grain size and fraction of the high-angle grain boundary of the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels were calculated to be 20.5 μm and 4.3%, 17.6 μm and 6.0%, and 16.1 μm and 7.8%, respectively

Article Snippet: The microstructures of the X60, X70, and X80 steels were observed using an Fe-Sem (JSm-6700F, Jeol, Japan) after mechanically polishing and etching with a 3% nital solution.

Techniques:

Journal: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Article Title: Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels

doi: 10.24425/amm.2024.149757

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Engineering stress-strain curves before and after electrochemi- cal hydrogen charging of the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels. The specimen before electrochemical hydrogen charging was marked as Non-charged, and the specimen after electrochemical hydrogen charging was referred to as H-charged. The relative total elongation of the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels was measured to be 0.99, 1.02, and 0.72, respectively

Article Snippet: The microstructures of the X60, X70, and X80 steels were observed using an Fe-Sem (JSm-6700F, Jeol, Japan) after mechanically polishing and etching with a 3% nital solution.

Techniques:

Journal: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Article Title: Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels

doi: 10.24425/amm.2024.149757

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractographs for tensile specimens of the API X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels before and after electrochemical hydrogen charging. The specimen before electrochemical hydrogen charging was marked as Non-charged, and the specimen after electrochemical hydrogen charging was referred to as H-charged. The yellow arrow indicates the quasi-cleavage fracture features in the API X80 pipeline steel

Article Snippet: The microstructures of the X60, X70, and X80 steels were observed using an Fe-Sem (JSm-6700F, Jeol, Japan) after mechanically polishing and etching with a 3% nital solution.

Techniques: Microscopy

Journal: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Article Title: Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels

doi: 10.24425/amm.2024.149757

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph of the API X80 pipeline steel after electrochemical hydrogen charging for 24 hours at the current density of 150 A/m2 in the 3% NaCl solution. After electro- chemical hydrogen charging, the specimen was maintained in a 4.3 mM K[Ag(CN)2] solution for 24 hours. The yellow arrow in Fig. 4 shows the localized precipitation of silver clusters surrounding martensite- austenite (MA) constituents

Article Snippet: The microstructures of the X60, X70, and X80 steels were observed using an Fe-Sem (JSm-6700F, Jeol, Japan) after mechanically polishing and etching with a 3% nital solution.

Techniques: Microscopy

Journal: Materials

Article Title: Research on Hydrogen-Induced Induced Cracking Sensitivity of X80 Pipeline Steel under Different Heat Treatments

doi: 10.3390/ma17091953

Figure Lengend Snippet: CCT diagrams of X80 pipeline steel calculated using JMatPro.

Article Snippet: The commercial X80 pipeline steel produced by Shanghai Baosteel Group was used in this study.

Techniques:

Journal: Materials

Article Title: Research on Hydrogen-Induced Induced Cracking Sensitivity of X80 Pipeline Steel under Different Heat Treatments

doi: 10.3390/ma17091953

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hydrogen permeation kinetic parameters of X80 heat-treated samples.

Article Snippet: The commercial X80 pipeline steel produced by Shanghai Baosteel Group was used in this study.

Techniques:

Journal: Materials

Article Title: Research on Hydrogen-Induced Induced Cracking Sensitivity of X80 Pipeline Steel under Different Heat Treatments

doi: 10.3390/ma17091953

Figure Lengend Snippet: Number of hydrogen trapping sites of X80 pipeline steel after heat treatment.

Article Snippet: The commercial X80 pipeline steel produced by Shanghai Baosteel Group was used in this study.

Techniques: